Different types of metals:-
In this article I want to explain about different types of metals for school going children.
To start my discussion I want to explain first,
**What are elements? How they are classified?
Answer :- The matters which are composed of only one type of particles are known as elements.
Elements are of three types:-(i) Metals (ii) Non metals. (iii) Metalloids.
Metals:-
Sodium(Na), Magnesium (Mg),
Gold (Au).....
Non metals :-
Carbon (C), Sulphur(S),Nitrogen (N)....
Metalloids :-
Boron(B), Silicon(Si), Arsenic(As)....
As my discussion on the topic different types of metals so I will concentrate on metals.
**Different types of metals:-
On the basis of reactivity metals can be divided in three catagories:-
(i) Highly reactive metals :-
The metals which are placed at the top in the reactivity series of metals in periodic table ,and take part vigorously in the chemical reactions are known as highly reactive metals.These metals are not found or even kept in free state.They are kept in kerosin (Ccl₄) or in gasoline. e.g; Potassium (K) and Sodium(Na) are highly reactive metals ,they can not be kept in free state they are preserved in kerosin (Ccl₄).
In free state potassium(K) and sodium (S) burns in contact of oxygen and produce potassium oxide (K₂O) and (Na₂O) respectively.
The reactions can be given by :-
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(ii) Moderate reactive metals :-
The metals which are placed in the middle of the reactivity series of periodic table are neither very reactive nor least reactive ,they take part in chemical reactions under some definite conditions, so they are called moderate reactive metals.e.g;
Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium (Al)......
(iii) Less reactive metals :-
In the periodic table the metals which are in the bottom are generally very inactive in chemical reactions so they are called less reactive metals. e.g; Mercury (Hg) Lead (Pb) Gold (Au)....
Depending on their nature and properties metals further divided :-
(i) Soft metals :-
These metals are very soft, and they can be cut using knife.e.g; Sodium (Na) ,Potassium(K)......
(ii) Hard metals :-
These metals are hard and also malleable .e.g; Iron (Fe), Gold (Au) ,Silver (Ag). Due to their good malleable property ,they can be hammered and can be given different shapes for our need.e.g; Iron is used in big industries,used in making of large vehicles, gold and silver are used for making ornaments.
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(iii) Alkaline earth metals :-
These metals are moderate reactive metals and they take part in chemical reactions under some definate conditions, they start from period (2) and they occupies group(1),group(2) and group (3) in periodic table. Some of them are :- Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium(Al)......
(iv) Transition metals :-
These metals are placed in the middle of periodic table and their vallencies are not fixed,they show variable valencies,so they are called transition metals. Some of them and their valencies are :-
Name:- Valency:-
Iron (Fe) 2, 3
Copper (Cu) 1,2
………........... ……...........
(v) Noble metals :-
These metals are generally chemically inactive and some of them reacts with other elements under some specific favourable conditions.Due to their inactiveness in chemical reactions, they are placed at the bottom in periodic table.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS:-
Is alloys are metals?.
Answer:- No alloys are not puely metals,as alloys are formed by the homogeneous mixture of two or more metals,so there must be a change in the physical or chemical properties of alloys.e.g; Copper(Cu) is a very good conductor of heat so it becomes hot instantaneously after geting heat from any outside source of heat but alloy brass (Cu+Zn) is not so good conductor of heat as compared to copper as it takes time to become hot.So,alloys are not completely we can say as metals.
How many types of oxides iron have?
Answer:- Iron can form two types of oxides and they are :-
(i) Ferrous oxide (FeO)
(ii) Ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃)
How many oxides copper can form?
Answer:- Copper can form two types of oxides and they are:-
(i) Cuprous oxide (Cu₂O)
(ii) Cupric oxide (CuO)
Name two noble metals.
Answer:- Gold (Au) Platinum (Pt)
What type of ions metals form?
Answer:- Metals form positive ions or cations.
Is alloys are metals?.
Answer:- No alloys are not puely metals,as alloys are formed by the homogeneous mixture of two or more metals,so there must be a change in the physical or chemical properties of alloys.e.g; Copper(Cu) is a very good conductor of heat so it becomes hot instantaneously after geting heat from any outside source of heat but alloy brass (Cu+Zn) is not so good conductor of heat as compared to copper as it takes time to become hot.So,alloys are not completely we can say as metals.
How many types of oxides iron have?
Answer:- Iron can form two types of oxides and they are :- (i) Ferrous oxide (FeO) (ii) Ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃)
How many oxides copper can form?
Answer:- Copper can form two types of oxides and they are:- (i) Cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) (ii) Cupric oxide (CuO)
Name two noble metals.
Answer:- Gold (Au) Platinum (Pt)
What type of ions metals form?
Answer:- Metals form positive ions or cations.
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