The elements whose valence shells are full filled with 2 (In case of Helium) or 8 electrons (In case of Neon,Argon,Xenon,Radon,Krypton) ,they are called valence shell full fill elements, so they have no tendency to accept or give up electrons in chemical reactions , they are chemically inactive elements and are called noble gases.
Noble gases, also known as inert gases, are a group of elements located in the far right side of the periodic table. These gases include helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn). In another way,we can explain them as "noble" gases because of their relatively low chemical reactivity - they were believed to be completely inert until the 1960s when their reactivity was discovered.
In this article, I'll take a closer look at what noble gases are, their properties, and their significance in various applications.
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Explanation:-
Properties of Noble Gases:
The six noble gases have a range of unique physical and chemical properties that distinguish them from other elements on the periodic table. Here are some of their most important properties: * They are odourless and colourless in their natural state. * They are non-flammable and do not support combustion. * They are less dense than air, which makes them relatively easy to liquefy and solidify at low temperatures. * They have a low boiling and melting point. * They have a stable octet of electrons in their outermost shell, which means they have a full set of valence electrons and do not readily bond with other atoms. Noble gases are known for their low reactivity and are typically inert in most chemical reactions. This is due to their stable electronic configuration. However, under certain conditions, noble gases can react with other elements and compounds to form a variety of compounds known as noble gas compounds. These compounds are rare and not very stable.
Significance of Noble Gases:
Noble gases play an essential role in various fields of study, from chemistry to medicine. Here are some of the most crucial applications of noble gases: 1. Lighting: Noble gases are used in various types of lighting, including neon signs, fluorescent lights, and plasma displays. Neon is the most commonly used noble gas in lighting, as it emits a bright, stable light when an electric current is passed through it. Helium is also used in balloons and airships for its buoyancy. 2. Welding: Argon is widely used in welding and metal fabrication due to its ability to displace oxygen and other gases from the welding area. It facilitates a cleaner and more precise welding operation. 3. Medicine: Noble gases have significant applications in the field of medicine. Helium, in particular, is commonly used in medical imaging to cool down magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines. Additionally, some scientists are exploring the potential use of noble gases in anesthesia and other medical treatments.
4. Cryogenics: Noble gases have a range of uses in cryogenics, such as freezing food and storing biological samples. Helium is used to cool down superconducting magnets that are used in MRI machines and particle accelerators. 5. Scuba Diving: The use of scuba diving equipment relies on noble gases. A mixture of helium, oxygen, and nitrogen is used to fill diving tanks to supply divers with breathable air at different depths. The addition of helium helps minimize the effects of decompression sickness.
6. Space Exploration: Noble gases have played a crucial role in space exploration for a long period of time. They are used in rocket engines, spacecraft cooling systems, and analytical instruments, due to their inert properties, stability, and low reactivity.
7. Climate Science: Scientists are experimenting the relationship between noble gases and Earth's climate. For example, xenon isotopes from nuclear explosions have been used to trace the movement of air in the atmosphere and El Niño cycles.
Conclusion:
From the above discussion we have something learnt about, What Are Noble Gases Noble gases are a unique group of elements that have relatively low chemical reactivity and stable electronic configurations. They have a range of properties that make them useful in many fields of study, including medicine, scuba diving, space exploration, and welding. Though they are not abundant in the atmosphere (they make up less than 1% of the earth's atmosphere), they are crucial to a variety of industries and research areas due to their unique properties. The discovery of noble gas compounds and their applications in cutting-edge technology and scientific research continue to spark new advances in more ........